Cooling system for internal-combustion engines



April 14, 1925. 1,533,827

w. s. CARR COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Fi-ld Sepf. 11, 1922 5 a @157 VIII/111170 III/4 3 Ill/IIIIl/I WALTER 5. CflRR.

Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

' UNITED- STATES WALTER S. CARR,

or DAYTON, 0310.

COOLING- SYSTEM FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTIQN ENGINES.

Application filed September 11, 1922. Serial No. 587,320.

To all whom it may concemz:

Be it known that I, VALTER S. CARR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooling Systems for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to a cooling system for internal combustion engines.

One object of the invention is to provide acooling system in which the water may be .circulatedabout the cylinders of the engine without the use of a mechanically operated pump; to this end a further object of the invention is to utilize the heat of the cylinder of the engine to generate steam and discharge the same in jets into passageways through which the water circulates.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the device is described in detail. V

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view, partly in section, of an engine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4: is a section taken on the line H of i Fig. 2.

In these drawings I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention and have shown the same as applied to a four cylinder engine of ordinary construction. As here shown, the engine consists of four cylinders l which are surrounded by a water jacket consisting of a transverse upper chamber 2 covering the cylinder heads 3 of the engine, longitudinal chambers 4 and transverse chambers 5 connecting the longitudinal chambers 4:. a A suitable conduit, or passageway, kids from the water jacket to the radiator, which is not here shown, and in the present drawings this conduit is shown at 6 as connected with the upper chamber 2 of the water jacket. The water returns from the radiator to the water jacket through the usual return pipe which is not here shown, but which enters the water jacket at 7.

In carrying out my invention I eliminate the mechanically operated'pump and utilize the heat of the engine to generate steam in suitable chambers which are provided with nozzles arranged to discharge jets of steam into passageways through which the water flows on its way to the radiator. These jets of steam draw the water through the passageways and thus establish and maintain the circulation of the water throughout the water jacket. Such a mechanism not only eliminates the mechanically operated pump but is wholly automatic in' its operation and, further, does not become operative until the engine has been heated to a relatively high degree, thus expediting the warming up of the engine. The particular embodiment of the invention here shown has been chosen for purposes of illustration only and it will be understood that the device may take varous forms and may be applied in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention. As shown in the present drawings I have provided within the water jacket a steam generating chamber, which is so arranged with relation to a cylinder-of the engine that the water within the-chamher will be heated by the heat of the cylinder and convertedinto steam. The steam generating device may take various forms and may be located in various positions. Further, the engine may be provided with one or any desirednumber of the steam generating devices but in the present instance I have provided one for each cylinder of the engine and have shown these steam generating devices in the form of housings 8 mounted within the upper compartment of the water jacket and resting upon the bottom wall of that compartment, that is, the cylinder head of the engine. Preferably the cylinder head forms the bottom wall of the housing and to this end I have shown the housing as comprising walls 9 resting upon the cylinder head 3. These walls may be supported in any suitable manner, but as here shown, the upper wall of the compartment 2 of the water jacket is provided with a longitudinal opening 10 which is closed by a plate 11 and the walls 9 of the several housings 8 are formed integral with this closure plate and extend downwardly into cont-act with the cylinder head, or bottom wall of the compartment 2. Preferably the side walls 9 converge forwardly, that is, in the direction of the flow of the water, and each housing is provided at its forward end with a-discharge nozzle 12. The discharge nozzle 12 of the foremost housing dischar es directly into theoutlet pipe 6, which le s to the radiator, and will draw the water from the compartment 2 through the passageway 6 to the radiator. Preferably the passageway, or pipe, '6 is provided with a restricted portion, or Venturi, as shown at 13. In the present instance, this portion of the pipe is provided with heat radiating fins 14 which serve to expedite the condensation of the steam in the passageway, thereby tending to create a vacuum and further increase the suction created by the steam jet. The several steam generating chambers in the rear of the foremost chamber are arranged to discharge into passageways leading to the outlet pipe 6 and preferably these passageways are formed between the housin and the adjacent side wall of the water acket. To this end the several housings 8 are arranged one in the rear of the other and each is spaced a short distance from one of the side walls of the upper compartment 2 of the water jacket, thereby forming between the same and the side walls of the compartment a passageway leading forwardly to the outlet pipe. The nozzle of each housing, or steam generating chamber, is arranged to discharge into the passageway formed alongside of the next preceding housing. In order that these passageways may have a restricted shape, or Venturi construction, I have provided the adjacent side wall 9 of each housing with a rearwardly extending portion 15 which has its rear portion curved, or inclined, away from the side wall of the compartment. That portion of said side wall adjacent to the ousing is provided with-an inwardly extending portion 16 arranged opposite the extension 15 on the side wall of the housing, the arrangement of the extension and the inwardly extending portion 16 being such as to give the passageway a Venturi shape.

The heat which will reach the steam chamber through the cylinder head will ordinarily be suflicient to convert the water in the chamber into steam, but to expedite the generation of the steam I prefer to provide each generating chamber with a heating de vice which is here shown in the form of a tube 17 preferably of copper, or other material having a high degree of conductivity. This tube has its lower end extending through the cylinder head 3 and in open communication with the combustion chamber of the cylinder. The upper end ofthe tube is closed, and preferably enlarged, and extends upwardly into the steam generating chamber. It will be apparent, therefore, that the products of combustion and heat from the cylinder will enter this heating device or closed tube and will thus be carried into the chamber.

-When the water in the steam generatin chamber has all been converted to steam an this steam has all escaped from the chamber through the nozzle, water will flow into the cham er through the nozzle and refill .the same, but to expedite the filling of the chamber with water I refer to provide each chamber with an auxi iary inlet 18 leading therefrom into the water jacket, and in'the present instance connected with the u per compartment of the water jacket. A c eck valve 19 is arranged in each inlet conduit 18 so that it will open inwardly to permit the water to flow into the chamber when there is no pressure in the chamber, but will be seated by the pressure of the steam within the chamber to revent the steam from esca ing through the conduit 18.

t will be apparent from the foregoin description that when an engine equipped as above described has been placed in operation there will be no appreciable circulation of the water in the cooling system until the engine has become hot enough to generate steam in the several steam generating devices, or chambers. When this temperature has been reached the steam generated in the several chambers will be discharged through the respective nozzles into the passageways leading to the radiator. The velocity of the jet of steam through the passageways will tend to draw the water with it into the passageways and thus create a circulation of the water. Further, the steam coming in contact with the water will be condensed within the passageways, thus creating a partial vacuum and causing an increased suction in the passageways which results in a larger flow of the water. 'The device is ver simple in construction and operation an has no parts to get out of order and may, therefore, be maintained in operation at practically no cost. The only moving part of the apparatus is the check valve and even should this valve fail to open the steam generating chambers will fill through the nozzles and the device will still operate in a satisfactory manner.

While I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the details thereof as various modifications may occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having now fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. In a water cooling system for an internal combustion engine, comprising a water jacket extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which water may flow to a radiator,

a steam generating device comprising a uzana" chamber onewall of which is formed by a municating wit s'aid wall of said linder extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passagewa through which the water may flow to a re. iator and a steam generatin device arranged within said water jac et and having a nozzle to diacharge a jet of steam into said passa eway. 3. A cooling system for an interna combustion engine comprising a water jacket extending. about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, and a housing arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber and having a nozzle directed toward said passageway.

' 4. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, and a housing 7 arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber. and having a nozzle directed toward said passageway, one wall of said chamber being formed by a wall of said cylinder. 5. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, and a housing arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber and having a nozzle directed toward said passageway, and a heating device communicating with said cylinder and extending into said chamber.

6. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket, extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, and a housing arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber and having a nozzel directed toward said assageway, and a tube mounted in a wall of said cylinder and having one end in open communication with said cylinder and having its other end extending into said chamber and closed.

7. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, a housing arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber and having a nozzle directed toward said passageway, and a tube mounted in a wall of said cylinder and having one end in open communication with saidcylinder and having its other end extending into said chamber and closed, the

last mentioned end of said tube being en-.

larged.

8 A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket extending about a cylinder of said engine and having a passageway through which the water may flow to a radiator, and a housing arranged within said water jacket to form a steam generating chamber and having a nozchamber having an inlet port communicating with said water jacket and a check valve to control said port.

9. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprising a waterjacket extending about a cylinder of said engine, and having an upper compartment arranged above the head of said cylinder and provided with an outlet, and a housing within said upper compartment, resting-upon said cylinder head and having}, nozzle directed toward said outlet, said housing constituting a steam generating chamber.

10. A cooling device for an internal combustion engine comprising a water jacket having ,a compartment arranged above the heads of the cylinders of said engine and zle directed toward said passageway, said provided with a passageway leading,to a

radiator and a plurality of housings arranged within said compartment, one behind the other, and each spaced from one of the side walls of said compartment to form a passageway between it and said wall, each of said housings constituting asteam generating chamber and having a nozzle arranged to discharge a jet of steam'into one of said passageways.

' -11. A cooling device for an internal com-' bustion engine comprising a water jacket having a compartment arranged above the heads. of the cylinders of said engine and provided with a passageway leading to a radiator and a plurality of housings arranged within said compartments, one behind the other, and each spaced from one of the side walls of said compartment to form a passageway between it and said wall, each of said housings constituting a steam generating chamber and having a nozzle arranged to discharge a jet of steam into one of said passagewa s, and a tubular heatin for each 0 amber, each heating devlce having one end extending into the corresponding steam generating chamber and closed and having its other end in communication with one of-said cylinders. v 12. A cooling device for an internal comdevice bustion engine comprising a water jacket the side walls of said compartment to form a housings, each of said housin s forming a assageway between it-and said wall, each steam generatin chamberand aving a noz- 10 fiousing having that side wall which is ad'azle arranged to ischarge a jet of steam into cent to said passa eway extended rearwar 1y one of said passageways. V

I at an angle to sai passageway, and the side In testimony whereof I afiix my signawall of said compartment having inwardly ture hereto. extending portions arranged op osite the extensions to the side 'wal s of t e respective WALTER S. CARR- 

